gates



P. vW'. GATES. STONE` `lBLElAKINGr MACHINE.

Patented lFeb. 13, 1883.

4[72' verda/ U al? UNITED .STATES PATENT EEICE,

' PHILETUS W. GATES, or OHIOAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR To THE GATES a SOOVILLE IRON WORKS, OE SAME PLAOE.

STONE-BREAKING MACHINE.y

SPECIFICATION forming part of -Letters Patent No. 272,233, dated February 13, 1883.

Application tiled February 17,1879. Patented in England May 7, 1881. No. 1,995; in France May 7, 1881, No. 142,733; in Belgium May 9, 1881, No. 54,578, and in Canada July 26, 1881, No. 13,178.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PHIILETUS W. GATES, a citizen Ot' the United States, residing at Chicago,in the county ofGook and State of-Illinois, have in vented a new and useful Improvement in Stone-Breakers, of vwhich the following is a specification.

My invention consists, first, in the combination with the concave, crusher-head, crushingshaft and suitable mechanism for operating the Crusher-shaft, of the outer frame or shell having an inclined discharging and Shielding chute, forming a bearing below the Crusherhead, and a loose dust-excluding collar,V this construction aording greater room than thel ordinary diaphragm-chute for the passage of broken stone, while the dust from the stone`l broken between the crusher-head and concave is more electually prevented from passing down upon the mechanism or gearing and into the oil step-box below the diaphragm; second, in a novel combination of parts whereby the bevel-wheel which revolves the crusher-shaft and Crusher-head can be applied on top of an oil step-box formed on the baseplate of the machine, and its eccentrically-bored hub-like extension, which forms a hearing for the lower journal port-ion of the shaft to revolve in While it is being gyrated, is suspended within said oil lstep-box, and is kept constantlylubricated; .and whereby, also, the gearing and oil step-box are shielded from stone-dust, which would clog Vthe gearing and thelubricating material in the oil step-box; and whereby, likewise, the end of the sha-ft is'allowed to rest upon a step-block which is sustainedby an adjusting-screw screwed into the bottom oi the otherwise closed oil step-box; third,in a novel combination of asafety break-pin and its adjuncts with the gearing and orusher-shai't of the machine, as will be hereinafter set forth and specifically claimed.

` In the drawings, Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of a stonebreaker with my improvements. Fi`g 2 is a detail view, showing the driving-shaft in cross-section, and the safe ty-coupling device used in connection-with the 5o lar shell-frame of the crusher or stone-breaker. l construction failed to serve effectually for exroo drivin g-shaft 'and d riving-pulley in elevation.

In the figures, A represents the upright circu- This lrame is provided with a step-box, j, a diaphragm shielding chute, a, having an aperture, a', surrounded by bearing a2, a Haring concave with conical lining M, and a head or box, L, for a sliding bearing for a4 ballot' the Crusher-shaft. The step-boXj is formed on the base-plate J ofthe frame A, and it is provided with a bottom having a screw-threaded hole in it, into which an adjusting-screw?, is screwed, and on the end of this screw a step plate or block, ja, is applied. This step-box will contain the material for lubricating the journal end k of the crusher-shaft, as well as the hnb like extension-bearing t' of the bevel-wheel I, whichpgyrates the revolving crusher-shaft. It is very important to lubricate the hub-like eX- tension forming the eccentric bearing, both on its periphery and in its bore, wherein the shaft revolves, as the friction and wear are very great upon these surfaces. Within the stepboX the eccentric revolving bearing i, constituting the hub i' of the bevel-wheel Iv, is suspended,as shown. A revolving Crusher-shaft, K, with crusher-head k2 attached to it, and with a-lowejournal, la, and a ball, 7c', at its upper end,is applied within the shell-frame A, as shown, the ball having its Support in the sliding bearing of the box L, the crusher-head occupying a place within the concave, and the shaft K passing down through the bearing a2 O' the diaphragm-chute, and having its journal end 7c fitted loosely in the revolving eccentrio bearingt' of the step-boxj, as shown.

Upon the bearing a2 a loose dust-excluding collar, k3, is made to rest and tit dust-tight after it has been litted around the shaft K. The aperture c' of the bearing a2 is of a diameter sufficient to 'allow the shaft to gyrate, while the diameter of the collar is great enough to cover this aperture, notwithstanding that the collar moves laterally to an extent equal to the gyrating movement of the shaft. This collar prevents small particles of stone and dust, from desending upon the gearing and clogging the same. Heretofore the conical' crusher k2 has been made to overhang or-,overtop the aperture a', which of necessity was ot' larger diameter than theshaft K in order to Vpermit Said shaft to gyrate freely; but this eluding the dust, because by drafts of air and other means dust and small particles of stone were caused to pass toward and down through the said aperture, to the injury ofthe gearing or other machinery below the diaphragmchnte. By locating the upper edge ol' the bearing n?, which is around aperture a', some distance below the Crusher-head, the loose collar can be employed and a tightly-closed aperture securedwithont offering obstruction to the deseending broken stone in its passage over the diaphragm-clin te.

'lhe main driving-shaft I3 carriesa drivingpulley, O, a fly-wheel, D, and a bevel-gear wheel, Il, which gears with the beve1wheel I ot' the eccentric bearing i', and gives rotary motion to said bearing and a gyrating motion to the shaft and crusher-head, and this motion of the shalt causes the. crnsher-head to crush or break the stone within the concave with an impacting force, while the resistance of the stone during the breaking operation causes the shaft and its crushing-head to gradually turn backward about its own axis, the loose journal end of the shaft and the ball at its upper end permitting this action to take place.

In order to save the machinefrom destruction when a crow-bar or other such irresistible obstacle is presented to the Crusher-head, the following means are employed, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2: The hub E of the driving-pnlley` and tlv-wheel is loosely mounted upon the driving-shaft` and is provided with a projection, c, and adjacent to the hub E another huh, F,istirmly keyed to the main shaft B. This latter hub is provided with a projectiond, which is perforated atf on a line parallel with the main shaft, and into the perforation along pin, G, is inserted and held in position by a setscrew, g. The pin G extends into the projection e, which for this purpose is perforated at e. llhe pin Gis unsupported midway between the projections fand e, and as the pin is of considerable length this intermediate unsupported portion thereot'will ati'ord considerable leverage for breaking itself midway of its supported ends when pressed against at its ends by a force greaterthan it is intended it shall be capable ofresisting, and hence it can be more readily broken in two transversely than can a pin which has its whole length or body snpported.

The wheel H is provided on its face with two lugs, h, between which the end of the pin G is held. In connection with this modified pla-n of employing a long-leverage break-pin the pulley C and the wheel D are keyed to the shaft B, so that in case the pin G breaks, the

pulley C, {1y-wheel D, and shaft B will continue to revolve, while the cog-wheel H and other parts ofthe machine remain at rest.

The operation of repairing` the safety breakpin coupling after it has broken is as follows: The belt is shifted to a loose pulley on the lineshafting of the shop,and the pin Cr is removed and a new pin substituted for the broken one, and the crnsher, having been relieved of its obstruction, is started again by placing the belt back on the pulley. It is important to get access to the pin without removing the wheels from the shaft, as shown in my drawings. It is also important to employ a longleverage break-pin, so that the pin shall quickly and easily break when the machinery is suddenly clogged.

I do not claim a safety break-pin applied to the fly-wheel ot' machinery, as this would not instantly stop the machine. Neither do I claim a short break-pin applied to the drivingpulley of grinding and other machines-that is, a break-pin with its entire body or length supported, and requiring a shearing action to cut it in two. Neither do I claim, broadly, a break-pin which is accessible without removing the wheels. Neither do I claim the loose collar, specifically, as my invention; but

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

I. The combination, with the concave U, the crusher-head k2, the Crusher-shaft K, and suitable mechanism for operating the crushershaft, ofthe outer frame or shell,A, having an inclined discharging and shielding chute, a, forming a bearing below the crusher-head, and the loose dust-excluding collar k3, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the outer frame, pro vided with a base-plate havingan oil step-box, with the bevel-wheel I, having an eccentric bearing suspended within the step-box,said bevel-wheel being on top of the step-box, the step-block, adj listing-screw, the gyrating-shaft passed through the eccentric bearing and resting on the step-block, the crusher-head, concave, and inclined diaphragm and shieldingchute, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination of the leverage break- IOO 

